Hypoparathyroidism

+Hypoparathyroidism is a rare [Endocrine Disorder](/wiki/endocrine_disorder) characterized by insufficient production of [Parathyroid Hormone](/wiki/parathyroid_hormone) by the [Parathyroid Glands](/wiki/parathyroid_gland). This deficiency leads to abnormally low levels of [Calcium](/wiki/calcium) (hypocalcemia) and elevated [Phosphate](/wiki/phosphate) in the blood, disrupting the body's [Mineral Homeostasis](/wiki/mineral_homeostasis).

+## Causes

+The most common cause of hypoparathyroidism is damage to the parathyroid glands during neck surgery, particularly [Thyroidectomy](/wiki/thyroidectomy) or parathyroidectomy. Other causes include autoimmune diseases, genetic disorders, radiation treatment to the neck, or magnesium deficiency.

+## Symptoms

+Symptoms are primarily related to [Hypocalcemia](/wiki/hypocalcemia) and can range from mild to severe. Common manifestations include muscle cramps, spasms ([Tetany](/wiki/tetany)), tingling or numbness in the fingers, toes, and lips, and fatigue. In more severe cases, patients may experience seizures, cardiac arrhythmias, laryngospasm, and brain fog. Long-term complications can include cataracts, dental abnormalities, dry skin, and brittle nails.

+Hypoparathyroidism is a rare endocrine disorder where the [Parathyroid](/wiki/parathyroid) glands produce insufficient [Parathyroid Hormone](/wiki/parathyroid_hormone). This leads to abnormally low levels of [Calcium](/wiki/calcium) in the blood, often causing muscle cramps, tingling, and fatigue.

+## See also

+- [Hypocalcemia](/wiki/hypocalcemia)

+- [Tetany](/wiki/tetany)

+- [Endocrine System](/wiki/endocrine_system)