The Umayyad Caliphate (661–750 AD) was the second of four major Caliphates established after the death of Muhammad. It governed a vast Muslim empire from Damascus, marking a significant period of Islamic expansion and administration.
The Umayyad Caliphate (661–750 AD) was the second of four major Caliphates established after the death of Muhammad. It governed a vast Muslim empire from Damascus, marking a significant period of Islamic expansion and administration.