+1159 was a year of the [Middle Ages](/wiki/Middle_Ages), a time when Europe's spiritual and temporal powers often clashed. It marked the death of Pope Adrian IV and the subsequent, contested election of [Pope Alexander III](/wiki/Pope_Alexander_III), leading to further ecclesiastical disputes.
+## See also
+- [12th Century](/wiki/12th_Century)
+- [Papacy](/wiki/Papacy)
+- [Europe](/wiki/Europe)
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